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Atelopus varius
The Costa Rican Variable Harlequin Toad ''(Atelopus varius)'', also known as the clown frog, is a neo-tropical true toad from the family Bufonidae (Crump 1986). Once ranging from Costa Rica to Panama, ''A. varius'' is now listed as critically endangered and has been reduced to a single remnant population near Quepos, Costa Rica (rediscovered in 2003) and has only relict populations in western Panama (IUCN). Recent variation in air temperature, precipitation, stream flow patterns, and the subsequent spread of a pathogenic chytrid fungus ''(Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis)'' linked to global climate change have been the leading cause of decline for ''A. varius'' (Lips et al. 2003 and Pounds et al. 2006). ''A. zeteki'' has been considered a subspecies of ''A. varius'', but is now generally considered a separate species (Savage, 2002).
== Geographic range ==
The historic range of A. varius stretched from the Pacific and Atlantic slopes of the Cordilleras de Tilaran mountain range in Costa Rica into western Panama. Suitable habitat includes both pre-montane and lower-montane zones as well as some lowland sites along rocky streams in hilly areas (ranging from 6 to 2000m in elevation) (Savage 1972). At present, ''A. varius'' is restricted to a single lowland site along a stream and small tributary on the Pacific coastal range near Quepos, Costa Rica (personal correspondence 2007).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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